The founders Herbert Kay and his brother Frederick
Second and Third Generations - Founder Herbert's son
Cuthbert (Cud) Kay
and Cuthbert's son Colin Kay.


           "Tribute to a gifted Winemaker"
-At a cellar ceremony, Philip White farewells a hard-working mate who brought history to life-

Cuthbert Thornborough Kay lived from 16th June 1914 to 3rd August 2001. He was a gentleman and a scholar, and one of our last links to pre-war winemaking. His funeral was held in the 1895 cellar in which he’d toiled his days away: a simple pale room of whitewashed stone and creaky dry timber, with a door so low the pall bearers had to bend way down. A stiff sea breeze whipped the galvo and the lasses’ calves, and blasted up through the gaps in the floor. About a hundred of us sat there staring at Cud’s coffin.

But we celebrated him, and paid tribute to the nature of winemaking, and how its practioners take the gift of nature from the soil and the fire of the sun and add something more to that grape - something that was not there before.

Ged Kay, an ancient white-haired brother, took to the upturned hogshead, unfolded his speech, and transported us to the days of their childhood, sledding down muddy slopes, exploring, picking wildflowers and climbing trees and cliffs. He praised his brother’s dexterity at hurling fried eggs across the breakfast table - "he was always good with his hands - a good carpenter and worker generally; also a good pianist" Ged read. "As a young man he worked hard on Amery ... he ploughed the soil, cultivated and hoed, and pruned the vines. He was well known in the wine trade for helping other people, and he ran the Amery vine-growing and wine-making business very well for many years, making good wine. And he was a good and just employer. During the war he served in tanks, in the armoured division. He was of course a good and loving husband and father, and as we all know suffered a lot of sadness in his life, but bore it bravely. And now he’s gone back to that good earth which he tended so carefully for so many years. Farewell dear brother."

d’Arry Osborn got up next, and went straight back to school, and all those sly slugs from the fronti flagon. He wove a gentle brocade of yarns of square dances and golf, seaside frolics and arrant naughtiness, and fishing - until Cud decided he could no longer kill fish. d’Arry praised the assistance and influence of Cud upon his early winemaking forays, when he’d kick off the d’Arenberg vintage by walking up to Kays with two buckets of juice. He’d tip those in Cud’s tank, and take home two buckets of Cud’s in return, as it would be fermenting, and the yeast so transfused would give d’Arenberg a good start.

Dr. Bryce Rankine, past professor of winemaking at Roseworthy, grimaced at such grubbiness, but d’Arry insisted that some of the wines so made could indeed be drunk without fear. Then he praised Cud’s knowledge of the bird world, and the delight with which he welcomed a pair of blue-winged kites into his vineyard. (With modern spray regimes, vineyard raptors must be made from plastic and wire.)

Cud’s daughter Alice stood then, and talked about what a wonderful father he’d been, letting her watch his grimaces over the shaving bowl, and quietly adoring his mystifying work in the laboratory. She talked of how Cud always played the arch conservative at breakfast discussions, teasing his kin into the fields of enlightenment by the constant testing and challenging of their ideas. Mike Coates, Alice’s scientist partner, carefully explained how he was in awe of Cud’s scientific nature as much as his gentility, his rare sense of humour, and his impeccable timing.

"He took detailed records of everything", Mike marvelled. "He knew all about the wildlife about the place. He took a very scientific attitude to gardening, and he was a very intelligent man, very subtle and broad-minded, and you could talk to him about anything .... But those discussions could get very heated, because Cud loved to play the Devil’s Advocate, and that’s good, because he made you realise that your favourite positions were not as iron clad as you thought they might have been."

Grand-daughter Elspeth reinforced the image of the debate-loving Cud, "with an eyebrow raised and a sly grin, saying something outrageously controversial which he probably didn’t believe anyway, just to draw us into an argument." She reflected on Cud the historian. "Growing up here, it’s impossible to ignore the family history", she said. "It’s in the house and in the winery, and in the vineyards. But it took grandpa to make the history real for me, and he helped me understand how previous generations have built something for the future."

Wit Morrow then told us of the fun and laughter he’d had with Cud when they designed the Kay’s Amery label; and Colin Kay, Cud’s son, left us with a recollection of his Dad standing at the cream separator, winding its handle with one hand, reading a volume of Keats from the other. There was a fitting reading then, from the great stoic, Marcus Aurelius, and Mark Allstrom, the Unitarian preacher, recalled one of the family members suggesting that when the time came, nobody was readier to die than Cud Kay.

Once I was curtly summoned to Kay’s after having written that McLaren Vale riesling was not a great drink. The ancient Cud got down off the winery roof, took a broom, and hoiked out two or three old barrel flagons from beneath a vat. Their contents were burnished gold Kays’ Amery Riesling of about thirty years of age. They were delicious. He loved me loving those wines. When I asked how he’d made them, that sparkle lit up, he took the perfect pause, and said "By accident." There was nobody readier to live than Cud Kay, come to think of it.

We all went outside then, and toasted Cud as he left his beloved winery for the last time. The Vales looked utterly splendid in that crisp winter light, and Cud’s 1959 port did a perfect job of pulling the teeth from that freezing gale.



Click Here for Block 6 History


The Kays Amery History




Bordering St. Vincents Gulf, 40 kms south of Adelaide, Amery Vineyards grace the rolling foothills of the Southern Mt. Lofty Ranges. The climate is warm temperate with a cool moist winter and warm dry summer and the proximity to the sea ensures that frost, which is a debilitating agent in many viticultural areas, is virtually unknown. The vineyard receives a rainfall of approximately 550mm year and excellent vines are grown on a wide range of soils, the predominant being ironstone gravel.
In the early 1850's Richard Baker Aldersey bought several sections of land 6 kms north of McLaren Vale in a hilly area near Hope Farm (Seaview). He built a fine ironstone house and named the property "Amery", after his birthplace "Amery Farm" near Alton, in Hampshire England. The land was partly cleared during his tenure and when Aldersey died in 1857 he was buried in a tiny cemetery on the estate in accordance with his stated wish to:

"Lie where the curlews cry and the sheoaks sigh."

Amery was then acquired by William Hammond junior, whose father owned the adjacent Hambledon Farm where he settled after quitting his sugar plantation in Jamaica. In 1886 young William Hammond planted out the original seven acres of vineyard at Amery, but for the main part he ran the 339 acre property as a farm, raising cattle and sheep, cereal crops, soft fruits and vegetables. In 1890 the Amery property was bought by the Kay Brothers, Herbert and Frederick, and they finally came into possession on February 2nd 1891, as is noted in the diary commenced that day:

"Entered into possession at Amery.
Sections 514, 515, 516 & 740.
Rose, Bert,and Fred arrived about 6.30 (Rose was their sister)
Stock - Brown Horse "Darkie"
Roan Horse "Roanie"
4 swarms of bees
6 hens
Furniture per M. Webers wagon 9.45".

Five months later is the following information: Thursday 23rd July - "Carted 3 dray loads of vine cuttings from Tintara; 25,800 Shiraz, 5,000 Riesling, 10,000 Carbenet." Friday 24th July - "Began planting in fallow paddock - planted 452 Shiraz." There is a meticulously kept diary for every year that the Kay Family has been at Amery. They give not only detailed vintage records and weather information, but also a host of day-to-day insights into the tremendous physical effort people put into working and living in those early days.





On Friday 15th July 1892 they recorded: "W.H. Craven offered to supply Carbenet and Malbec cuttings at 10/- per thousand." Tuesday 19th July - "T. Hardy called - agreed to buy 900 white Hermitage vines from him." Wednesday 20th July - "Ordered from W.H. Craven at 7/- per thousand 14,500 Carbenet and 13,000 Malbec cuttings. J.G. Kelly called, agreed to take 3,000 Riesling cuttings." Monday 25th July - "Planted 457 White Hermitage on hilltop". Thursday 28th July - "T. Hardy sent up 90 White Hermitage vines (2 years old)."

When you read through the old diaries you begin to realise what it meant in back breaking labour and sweat to clear land and plant out vineyards as there were no tractors and no bulldozers - just the horse, the plough, the spade, and the crowbar. Not only did the two brothers do all the vineyard clearing and planting themselves, they also milked cows, looked after the workhorses, planted other crops and built all the extra equipment that was necessary.

On the eastern slope, away from the house, they built their cellars using the design of a model exhibited by J.G. Kelly at the 1887 Chamber of Manufacturers Exhibition, planned as a winery making full use of natural gravitation. This was ideal for the period when hand pumps were the rule. The crushers were in the top level, lower down were the fermenting tanks, and below this the storage area. Steam pumps were in use in some other wineries but the Kay's rejected them because the need for boilers made them too expensive. The cellars were dug partly into the hillside, and the ceilings were insulated with seaweed for extra cooling.

The winery was completed in 1895 with the first load of grapes being crushed on March 8th, as the diary notes:

"Finished picking in windmill paddock 4-3/4 cwt Shiraz and3/4 cwt Carbenet
Began picking blocks 25 & 8 - 1 cwt Shiraz; 1cwt Carbenet,
7-1/2 cwt Mataro.
Crushed first cask of grapes."

In just 4 years the Kay Brothers had planted 100 acres of vines, built a winery and produced their first 9,100 litres of wine - quite an achievement in such a short space of time.





Unloading and crushing grapes circa 1900-The crusher and water pump were horse driven via capstan shafts and flat belts (and a lot of carrots!).





Grape picking Block 6 Shiraz (planted 1892 and still producing) 1900 Vintage.



Their first vintages were crushed with a hand crusher (a wooden roller with protruding spikes), and then by horse power, with a horse walking around a capstan which turned a crusher. Their first thoughts of exporting were in 1897, when it is recorded in the diary on 29th April, "H. Kay took samples of Amery No.1 (1896 Carbenet) and Amery No.2 (1896 Blend) to J.G. Kelly to take to England". The first Amery bottlings took place in November 1898, with twenty-six dozen bottles of an 1896 wine. In August the following year they sent six bottles of 1897 Frontignac to the Adelaide Show. In August 1900 they bottled four dozen pints of the 1896 Burgundy under an Amery label.

By 1911 there were 123 acres of vineyard at Amery and they bought additional grapes from local growers, vintaging 230,000 litres. In 1926 they were making 340,000 litres, two thirds of which was called "London Blend" and went for export. They also made quantities of dry white and sweet wine. In 1927 a newspaper article mentioned Amery as making "Australian Burgundy, a full bodied dry wine, for which this district is eminently suitable. No spirit is added and the fermentation is a natural process. The local consumption, however, is restricted, as Australians seem to prefer a sweet wine. The Burgundy is sold wholesale, and is used for blending and to raise the tone of other varieties."

Herbert Kay was Chairman of the Australian Wine Board for twelve years from 1933. He died in 1948 one year after Frederick. The Kay Brothers had been partners in business for fifty-seven years, which is a remarkable record on the Australian winemaking scene. Herbert's son Cuthbert (Cud) Kay took over the management and winemaking at Amery and increased the vineyards, concentrating on more Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz and Riesling with some smaller areas of Sauvignon Blanc and White Frontignac.

The Riesling were the first true variety in the area and some of the older traditional winemakers of the district were prophetic of failure; time happily has proved to the contrary and today outstanding wines are still being made from this variety in McLaren Vale. (The Riesling recorded in the diary in 1891 were, in fact, mainly the variety we now know as Chenin Blanc,)

In the 1960's changes occurred in the British market and that coupled with uneconomic prices led to the development of Australian markets for the winery output; initially this was in bulk to other winemakers but progressively more and more wine was packaged until today all of the output is sold under the Kays Amery Vineyards label.



  

Unloading wood storage Vats circa 1900.

1900 Vintage hand picking  BLOCK 3 Mataro grapes.



Cud's eldest son Colin, after finishing the Oenology course at Roseworthy College, spent four years with George Kolarovich at Kaiser Stuhl Winery in the Barossa Valley. From there he went overseas for three years on a trip which took him around the world, visiting most of the great wine producing countries. Colin became winemaker in 1970, further refining the styles pioneered by his farther and adding Pinot Noir to the vineyard.

The comprehensive range of McLaren Vale varietal wines made by Colin Kay from the Kays Amery vineyards includes 'Block 6' Shiraz (from vines planted in 1892), 'Hillside' Shiraz, Amery Shiraz, Amery Cabernet Sauvignon, Amery Merlot, Amery Late Harvest Frontignac, 'Founders' Liqueur Muscat and 'Founders' very old Tawny Solera.

The relatively small, strictly regional estate of Kay Brothers and their Amery Vineyards has an enviable record in wine shows in Australia and Internationally, which attests to the consistent high quality of its excellent wines.

As Ernest Whitington wrote in 1903 "If any people engaged in the industry deserve success they are the Kay Brothers, who have been at Amery for twelve years. The property is situated on the Vale side of Tintara, and the view from the house is one of the finest in South Australia. Looking towards Tintara the valley and hillsides are literally covered in vines, and at the time of my visit the autumnal tints of the leaves enhanced the beauty of the scene. Encircling behind are wooded hills, and then away in the dreamy distance is a blue haze covered range. Turn around and you are gazing over vines and ploughed land away to the sea. You see Aldinga Bay quite plainly. When I go to Amery and the exquisite landscape, the labour which seems to be one of love, and the contentment that prevails ever recalls one verse from Gray's Elegy:

"Far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife
Their sober wishes never learn'd to stray.
Along the cool sequester'd vale of life
They kept the noiseless tenor of their way."





The end of the day circa 1900-Grape pickers washing up outside the original sleeping quarters for casual workers. This substantial stone building still stands just to the North of the Amery Homestead.


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